Tuesday, 29 November 2016

NEW BLOG-PRINCIPLES AND LIMITATIONS OF LINEAR PROGRAMMING( BY AAKASH SINGH)

LINEAR PROGRAMMING
Linear programming is based on five fundamental principles-
1.     Principles of small step.
2.     Principle of Active responding.
3.     Principle of immediate confirmation.
4.     Principle of self pacing.
5.     Principle of student testing.

DISCRIPTION:
Frame size in small steps; include only one element of topic at a time. Each step is complete in itself. It can be taught independently and can be measured independently. Frame structure is based on stimulus-response-reinforcement. There are four types of frames. Introductory frames, Teaching frame, practice frames and testing frames.
Responses in linear programming are structured responses and are controlled by programmer and not by learners. Immediate confirmation of correct responses provide reinforcement, wrong responses are ignored.
It is used for secondary level students, used for achieving lower objectives of learning especially for recall and recognition, useful for student of average and below average intelligence can be used in distance education programme.

LIMITATIONS: 
1.      No freedom for student to response.
2.      Based on learning theories which were formulated by experience conducted on animals. A human being is more intelligent, than animals, he has got an intelligent brain.
3.      Every learner has to follow the same path; therefore, student may cheat from one another.
4.      Wrong responses are avoided in the programme. No remedy is provided for them.


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